So you want to learn about canning?
Before you go all canning rebel on your family and friends, let’s start by learning how to can without the fear of potentially, maybe… probably making someone sick or doing all this work just to have the food that you took so much time to preserve… go bad.
Canning is an essential skill for homesteaders, allowing you to enjoy the fruits of your labor year-round. It’s immensely satisfying to see rows of colorful jars filled with your homegrown produce lining your pantry shelves. However, the fear of potentially making someone sick or going through all that work only to have your canned goods go bad can be daunting. Rest assured, we’ve got you covered. Let’s delve into the world of canning and how to do it safely.
To skip what we have in this post and go directly to the printable USDA .PDF download, CLICK HERE.
Understanding the Basics of Canning
Canning is a time-honored method of preserving food by sealing it in airtight containers, typically glass jars, to prevent spoilage. There are two primary methods of canning: water bath canning and pressure canning.
- Water Bath Canning: This method is suitable for high-acid foods like fruits, jams, and pickles. It involves submerging jars in a boiling water bath for a specified period. The high acidity of these foods prevents the growth of harmful microorganisms.
- Pressure Canning: Low-acid foods like vegetables, meats, and poultry require pressure canning. It involves using a pressure canner to reach the higher temperatures necessary for safe preservation. This method is crucial for preventing the growth of botulism, a potentially deadly bacterium.
Safety First: The Importance of Cleanliness
Before you even think about your canning equipment, it’s essential to ensure a clean and sanitized workspace. Cleanliness is the cornerstone of safe canning. Here are some key steps:
- Wash Your Hands: Start with clean hands. Wash them thoroughly before handling any food or equipment.
- Sterilize Jars and Lids: Boil your canning jars and lids for at least 10 minutes to ensure they are free of any harmful bacteria.
- Prepare Fresh Ingredients: Use fresh, high-quality produce. Any bruised or spoiled items should be discarded.
Proper Canning Equipment
Investing in the right equipment can make your canning process smoother and safer. Here are some essentials:
- Canning Jars: Use jars specifically designed for canning. They come in various sizes and can be reused for multiple canning seasons.
- Lids and Bands: Ensure that your canning lids create a proper seal. Bands should be free of rust.
- Canner: For pressure canning, a pressure canner is a must. It maintains the necessary high temperatures to kill harmful bacteria. For water bath canning, a large, deep pot with a rack is sufficient.
- Lid Lifter: Also known as a magnetic lid lifter or lid wand, is a handy tool used in the canning and food preservation process. It serves a specific purpose in the final step of canning, which involves applying the lid to the jar before sealing it.
- Jar Lifter: To safely and securely lift hot canning jars in and out of a canner or boiling water bath during the canning process.
The Importance of Following Tested Recipes
Using tested canning recipes from reliable sources is non-negotiable. These recipes are carefully developed to ensure food safety. The canning time, jar size, and processing method are all crucial factors that are specified in these recipes. Don’t get creative with your canning, especially if you’re a beginner.
Avoid These Common Canning Mistakes
To keep your canned goods safe and delicious, avoid these common mistakes:
- Ignoring Altitude: Canning times can vary depending on your elevation. Be sure to adjust processing times accordingly. There are resources available to help you with this adjustment.
- Using Non-Food Safe Containers: Not all glass jars are suitable for canning. Make sure you’re using jars designed for this purpose, as others may not withstand the canning process.
- Neglecting Air Bubbles: After filling your jars, use a non-metallic utensil to remove air bubbles. Trapped air can compromise the seal.
- Tightening Lids Too Much: While it’s important to screw lids on securely, overtightening can prevent air from escaping, causing seal failure.
- Not Checking Seals: After processing, check that the lids have sealed properly. You should hear a satisfying “pop” as they cool.
Safe Storage and Labeling
Once your jars are sealed and cooled, it’s crucial to store them safely. Here’s how:
- Label Your Jars: Clearly label each jar with the contents and the date it was canned. This will help you keep track of what’s in your pantry.
- Store in a Cool, Dark Place: Canned goods are best stored in a cool, dark, and dry environment. The ideal temperature range is between 50-70°F (10-21°C).
- Check for Spoilage: Before consuming canned food, always check for signs of spoilage. This includes bulging lids, off-putting smells, or visible mold.
Learning and Growing as a Canner
Becoming a proficient canner takes practice. Don’t be discouraged by initial mistakes; they are part of the learning process. Over time, you’ll gain the confidence to preserve your harvest safely and without fear.
Resources and Communities
Being part of a homesteading community, you have a wealth of knowledge and support at your fingertips. Join online forums, like our 2 Gals Homesteading Facebook group, to connect with experienced canners who can offer advice and guidance.
Additionally, there are numerous books and websites dedicated to canning. These resources provide tested recipes, troubleshooting tips, and the latest safety guidelines. Consider investing in a good canning book to have on hand for reference.
In Conclusion
Canning is a wonderful way to preserve the bounty of your homestead, but safety should always be the top priority. By following proper canning techniques, using tested recipes, and staying vigilant for signs of spoilage, you can confidently build a pantry filled with delicious, home-preserved foods. Don’t let the fear of foodborne illness deter you from this rewarding homesteading practice. Embrace canning as a way to enjoy your harvest throughout the year, and rest assured that with the right knowledge and precautions, your canned goods will be both safe and scrumptious.
Happy canning!
